Poland: Medical Cannabis Market Overview 2025

Poland’s medical cannabis market is one of the fastest-growing in Central and Eastern Europe. The country’s estimated market size for 2025 is over €45 million, and it is projected to increase to €XXX million by 2029 (see Market Sizing Forecasts for total figures).

Poland legalised medical cannabis in 2017, introducing a restrictive and highly bureaucratic regulatory framework. This resulted in a slow rollout and supply shortages during the market’s early years. However, since 2022, the market has expanded considerably, driven by:

The introduction of commercial cultivation permits in 2022 marked an important milestone, though no active domestic cultivation has begun. The market remains entirely import-dependent.

By late 2024, medical cannabis in Poland had achieved mainstream medical acceptance, but regulatory tightening in November 2024 limited telemedicine prescribing by requiring initial in-person consultations, followed by optional remote follow-ups.

Overall, Poland has evolved into a major European medical cannabis market, characterised by a growing patient base, strong import activity, and rapid institutional uptake.

Medical cannabis in Poland is governed by:

Licensing & Oversight:

Who Can Prescribe? Any physician licensed to prescribe narcotic substances may prescribe medical cannabis. In practice, the majority of prescribing doctors are specialists in:

General practitioners, private telehealth providers, and specialised cannabis clinics also prescribe medical cannabis, though initial consultations must now occur in person under the 2024 rules.

Treatable Pathologies: Poland does not maintain an official list of qualifying conditions, leaving prescribing decisions to physicians’ discretion. Common indications include:

Reimbursement: There is no public reimbursement for medical cannabis in Poland. All treatments are self-funded by patients.

Dispensation: Medical cannabis prescriptions are fulfilled through pharmacies, which prepare magistral formulations using imported raw material. Dispensed quantities have grown rapidly year-on-year:

Source: Centrum e-Zdrowia

This represents a tenfold increase between 2021 and 2023, driven by improved supply chains, lower prices, and the widespread availability of telemedicine prescribing.

The Polish medical cannabis market is dominated by imported flower products, which account for nearly 80% of available products.

Product Breakdown (March 2025):

Product Availability:

Average Retail Prices (March 2025):

Most products are non-reimbursable, resulting in consistent retail pricing across suppliers.

Product Origin:

Extracts are typically used in magistral preparations, though some pharmacies also produce resin-based and vape formulations.

Poland is an import-reliant market, with no active domestic cultivation or processing.

Medical Cannabis Imports (2020–2024):

Source: Polska Agencja Prasowa

The sharp rise in imports between 2022 and 2024 reflects increased marketing authorisations, improved logistics, and expanded distributor networks. Some imported products are re-exported to smaller EU markets, though re-exports represent a minimal share.

Poland’s medical cannabis market is entering a mature growth phase, underpinned by:

However, the market still faces structural constraints:

If domestic cultivation begins and product authorisation processes are streamlined, Poland could become one of Europe’s top five medical cannabis markets by 2029.

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